Fat graftingis the procedure of injecting the fat taken with liposuction method from areas withexcess adipose tissue in waist, back, abdominal, hips and legs to the fat missingareas in order to complete the subcutaneous tissues.
Nowadays, due to the popularity of liposuction methods, fat injection has also become increasingly sought after. Both, liposuction and injection of the fat could be done in one session without risk of an allergic reaction. There are some stem cells in adipose tissues and providing that the stem cells are fed well, new cells will be produced and the tissue will maintain its freshness. These alone makes the fat injection superior to any other synthetic fillings. If the missing adipose tissue is not sufficient, the necessary adipose tissue can be removed by cannulas under local anesthesia and sedation, if not general anesthesia may be required. In preparation to the general anesthesia, X-ray and blood tests are done and evaluated for any obstacles by the anesthesiologist.
Another convenience is that, operation could be done alongside with other surgeries which would be cost effective.
Where In The Body Fat Can Be Injected?
The area where the patient's fat tissue will be taken is determined and drawings are made in advance. To start with the liposuction, the liquid is given under the skin where the fat will be removed and separated from the adipose tissue so that, the adipose tissue is removed more easily. Bleeding in this area will also be reduced with various substances placed in the liquid, and anemia will be prevented. The adipose tissue removal process is done with the help of cannulas of different sizes placed under the skin, through an incision of approximately 2mm and these cannulas are moved under the skin homogeneously and the adipose tissue is removed in pieces by an aspiratör which is previously connected to cannulas and stored in the reservoir in the device. Then, the fat tissue taken goes through filtering processes and mixed with antibiotics and injected under the skin. In order to ensure a homogeneous spread of adipose tissue, the area is massaged. Then, the incision made for cannulas is sutured to prevent fat escaping back.
The removed fat injected to the body lines that are aesthetically deficient such as face lines, dimpled areas on the hips and breasts. The aim of this procedure is to diminish deep wrinkles and fill the cavity so that the body contour is defined.
The adipose tissue provides a volume and fullness to the surfaces to which it is applied. Due to the decrease in the level of collagen production with aging, skin tension decreases, subcutaneous connective tissue decreases and tissue loss occurs in these areas. This situation also causes depressions that can create asymmetry in different areas. In this case, the skin tension will be brought to a sufficient level with fat injection resulting in youthful appearance. Both the physical appearance of the patient will improve aesthetically, and if the stem cells given can maintain their vitality, it will contribute to the regeneration of the skin.
Are The Effects Permanent?
By using proper methods, lasting effects could be achieved and the permanence rate could go up to 30%. Techniques during the application and patient-related factors are determinative. If patient has disorder in the blood vessels, feeding of the applied adipose tissue grafts is prevented. Under normal circumstances, injected fat tissues are not fed directly from the blood vessels; instead its done by fluids called diffusion that comes from the blood vessels. For instance, diabetic patients with blood glucose levels out of control have the problem of thickening walls of the arteries, caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery and there is a shortage of fluid flow occurs where the adipose tissue is injected and results with the death of cells. In order to prevent this, a change in lifestyle of the patient and keeping the blood sugar level under control is necessary. Likewise, the patient's smoking history is another huge factor. The nicotine in cigarettes causes blood vessel contractions, called vasoconstriction that disrupts the feeding of operated area. In addition, delaying factors that increase blood vessel fluidity,such as lack of moving and walking after surgery, will also impair adipose tissue.
Approximately 6 months after the fat graft, followed with the examination of the area if necessary, fat injection can be repeated.
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