Fractures in the facial bones as a result of traffic accidents, beatings and falls are called “maxillofacial injuries” and require urgent treatment. Otherwise, both permanent deformities and health problems due to loss of function may occur. Therefore, it is extremely important to consult physicians who are experts in the field in order to provide treatment without harming the aesthetic appearance of the face.
Initial Evaluation Of Jaw And Facial Fractures In Turkey
Facial injuries are usually fractures of the nose, cheekbones, lower jaw and upper jaw due to trauma. For the successful treatment of these fractures, plastic surgery techniques that provide functional continuity as well as aesthetics should be applied. With the treatment of facial trauma, it is also possible to eliminate regional nerve injuries.
Facial fractures usually cause open injuries to the skin and soft tissues of the face. The choice of method to be used in fracture treatment varies according to the impact area of the fracture, its severity and the nature of the wound. The most important issue in the first intervention is whether there is head trauma, abdominal trauma or extremity injury in addition to facial injury. Because before the aesthetic intervention, vital problems must be detected and treated.
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The treatment to be preferred in cases where there is no life-threatening situation is determined according to the needs of the person and the deterioration in the face. In this way:
- Limitation of movement and loss of vision due to eye injuries,
- Jaw movement problems observed as a result of cheekbone fractures,
- Airway obstructions and respiratory distress caused by nasal fractures,
- Biting and speech disorders in the lower and upper jaw bones
The aesthetic integrity of the face is preserved while it is removed. For all these reasons, treatment of facial fractures is usually surgical and requires great care.
When Do Jaw And Facial Fractures Require Surgery?
Fractures in the face and jaw bones cause various findings that require urgent intervention. These findings are usually swelling, edema, limitation of movement and pain. In order to carry out the appropriate treatment for the person, the damage in the area must first be determined. Therefore, the severity and location of the damage are determined by applying various ultrasound imaging methods and radiological examinations. In addition, the presence of other health risks is evaluated and the surgical process is planned for the candidates who are suitable for plastic surgery.
A slight decrease in swelling in the area can be expected for the surgery, in this way, the most ideal results are obtained in terms of aesthetics. Before the operation, which is performed within a few days after the trauma, the person is recommended to fast for at least 6-8 hours. In addition, it is recommended to gargle with plenty of water and to stop the use of alcohol and cigarettes. In this process, the recommendations of other physicians, if any, should be strictly followed.
How is the Surgery in Jaw and Facial Fractures?
Facial and jaw fracture surgeries are applications performed under general anesthesia and planned according to the needs of the person.
Although the process steps vary according to the requirement, they are generally as follows:
- According to the location of the fracture; An incision is made from the inner part of the upper or lower lip, over the eyebrow, under the eye or from the jaw line.
- The broken bone ends in the area are brought together by entering through the cut incision. During this process, plate screws are used and the fractures are fixed in place.
- In rare cases, a urinary catheter is inserted during surgery in some patients. The inserted probe can be removed within 1-2 days.
- In the treatment of jaw fractures, the nerves and tissues that have been cut or damaged, if any, are repaired. Sometimes special wires that hold the lower and upper jaws together are used and these wires are removed after a 4-6 week fixation period.
- The screws attached to the person can sometimes be used for a lifetime, and sometimes they can be removed with an additional intervention after full integration in the region and ideally within 1-2 years.
Upon completion of the appropriate operation stages, the person is kept under observation for 1-2 days. People who do not have any complications are discharged and informed about home care.
Things To Consider After Surgical Operation
Choosing a physician is extremely important in jaw and facial fractures, but applying the care recommendations recommended by the physician is equally effective.
Things to consider after the surgery are:
- Before returning to daily life after the operation, one should rest for the recommended time. In the meantime, it is necessary to protect the operation area and change the bandages regularly, so that the formation of infection is prevented.
- In order to relieve the complaints of pain and aches and to achieve a faster recovery, it is very important not to interrupt the doctor's controls and to use the prescribed drugs in the appropriate dose.
- Especially in jaw fractures, it should not be spoken for a while and the teeth should not be moved. In this process, the first nutrition is provided with liquid foods, and after the physician's controls, soft and solid foods are alternated respectively.
- After the fracture, edema formation and bleeding, especially in the mouth, are common complaints. To prevent these complaints, tampons should be applied to the area and oral hygiene should be considered.
- The stitches on the skin are removed in about 1 week, during this period the wound area should not be touched with water.
- To take a full shower, wait until the stitches dissolve or are removed. It is not allowed before 1 month to enter the pool or the sea
Operations performed after facial and jaw fractures are planned in such a way that the least scar is left in the area. With an experienced physician and regular care, maximum healing can be achieved in tissues.
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